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Phrasal Verbs

Unit 4.2 - "Down" meaning "Failing" or "Destroying"

  • Guess the meanings of the phrasal verbs from context:

     

    1. My computer broke down when I was having an online lesson.

    2. Negotiations between the workers and the company broke down.  It seems that a strike is unavoidable.

    3. He is a nice friend.  He has never let me down.

    4. The factory was forced to close down due to recession.

    5. The Prime Minister was forced to step down after the scandal.

    6.  I turned down his invitation for Saturday.  I'd rather stay home.

     

    All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "failing" or "destroying".  See Explanations ê

     

  • Explanations:

 

Break down

(inseparable)

[Machines, vehicles, etc.] To stop working 
>>His car broke down on the way to work.
>>The washing machine has broken down so I have to wash all our clothes by hand.
 

[A discussion, system, or relationship] To fail because of a disagreement or problem 
>>Talks between the two countries broke down when the two sides failed to reach an agreement.
>>One in three marriages in North America breaks down and ends in divorce.

Let down

(separable)

To disappoint someone 
>>He is a competent worker.  He will never let the company down.

Close down

(separable)

[A business or organization] To stop doing business 
>>Many stores close down during the New Year holiday.
>>I don't understand why we can't keep the park and close down that ugly factory.
Step down (inseparable) To leave a job for someone else to take over
>>
Due to increasing pressure from his own company, Ron is to step down as chairman of the Board of Directors.
Turn down (separable) To refuse an offer or request 
>>She applied for the job at the university but she was turned down.

 

  • Exercises:

     

    • Complete the following sentences using a suitable phrasal verb:

       

      • Good news!  They have finally decided to that old factory and build a memorial park on that site.

      • Do you think the Prime Minister will because of the latest scandal?

      • Peace talks in the Middle East have again, and there is more violence in the area.

      • I was offered a job in Tokyo but I it because I didn't want to move there.

       

    • Complete the following dialog using a suitable phrasal verb:

       

      • Mary:  I've been waiting for you for half an hour! 

      • Paul:   Sorry!  My car on the way.

      • Mary:  I thought you were not going to show up.

      • Paul:   Not showing up?  No!  You know I won't you .  I know you want to see the movie very much. 

      • Mary:   Well, I'm sorry that I doubted you.  Let me buy you dinner tonight, OK?

      • Paul:    Hey, sure!  I won't such a nice offer!

       

<Back to Module 4    Go to Unit 4.3>

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